There are a number of communities in South Asia that descended from African slaves, traders, or soldiers. These communities are the Siddi, the Shedi, the Makrani, and the Sri Lankan Kafras. In some cases they became very famous, such as Jamal-ud-Din Yakut, Hoshu Shidi, or the rulers of the state of Janjira. The Mauritian Creoles are the descendants of African slaves like those living in the Americas.

Some Pan-Africanists also consider other peoples to be diasporic African peoples. These groups include, among others, the Negroes, such as in the case of the peoples of the Malay Peninsula (Orang Asli ); New Guinea (Papuans); the Andamans ; some peoples of the Indian subcontinent and the aboriginal peoples of Melanesia and Micronesia. Most of these claims are dismissed by mainstream ethnologists as pseudo-science and pseudo-anthropology as part of an ideologically motivated Afrocentric irredentism promoted primarily among some extremist elements in the United States who have no thought for the dominant African American community. Mainstream anthropologists determine that the Andaman and others are part of a network of authoritarian ethnic groups present in South Asia that trace their genetic lineage back to a migration sequence that ended with the emergence of Australian Aborigines, not directly from Africa. Genetic testing has shown that the Andamanese belong to the Y-chromosome haplogroup D-M174, which is shared with the Australian Aborigines and the Ainu from Japan, not the true African diaspora.

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United Kingdom
About 2 million people identify themselves as Black Britons (not including mixed Britons ), among whom are Afro-Caribbeans. They live mostly in urban areas of England.

France
There are an estimated 2 to 3 million people of African descent, although a quarter of the Afro-French population lives in the overseas territories. This number is difficult to estimate because the French census does not use race as a category for ideological reasons.

The Netherlands
It is estimated that about 500,000 black and Dutch people live in the Netherlands. Antilles. They live mainly on the islands of Aruba, Bonaire, Curaçao and St. Maarten, the latter of which is also partly controlled by the French. Many Afro-Dutch people live in the Netherlands.

Germany
As of 2005, there were about 500,000 Afro-Germans (not including those of mixed ethnic origin). This number is difficult to estimate because the German census does not use race as a category.

Spain
As of 2016, there were 1,045,120 Africans living in Africa. They live mostly in the regions of Andalusia, Catalonia, Madrid and the Canary Islands.

Abkhazia
Some blacks of unknown origin once inhabited southern Abkhazia ; today they have assimilated with the Abkhazian population.

Romania
About 145,600 people of African descent live in Romania.

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The archipelagos and islands of the Caribbean Sea were the first places of settlement of Africans in the western Atlantic in the post-Columbian era. In particular, Pedro Alonso Niño, a black Spanish navigator, piloted one of Columbus’ ships in 1492. He returned in 1499, but did not settle. In the early 16th century more and more Africans became part of the population of the Spanish Caribbean colonies, sometimes as freedmen, but more often as slaves and laborers. The demand for African labor increased in the Caribbean because of the mass deaths of the Taino and other indigenous peoples, mainly as a result of Eurasian infectious diseases to which they had no immunity, as well as conflict with the Spanish and harsh working conditions. By the mid-16th century, the slave trade from Africa to the Caribbean was so lucrative that Englishmen Francis Drake and John Hawkins engaged in piracy and broke Spanish colonial laws to forcibly transport some 1,500 enslaved people from Sierra Leone to Española (Haiti and the Dominican Republic ).

During the 17th and 18th centuries, European colonialism in the Caribbean relied increasingly on plantation slavery, so that by the end of the 18th century Afro-Caribbean enslaved people outnumbered their European masters on many islands. A total of 1,840,000 slaves arrived in other British colonies, mainly in the West Indies of the Caribbean.

Beginning in the late 18th century, harsh conditions, constant inter-imperial wars, and a growing number of people of rights goals led to the Haitian Revolution in the French colony of Saint-Domingue, led by Toussaint L’Ouverture and Jean Jacques Dessalines. In 1804 Haiti, with an overwhelming majority of black slaves and leadership, became the second nation in America to achieve independence from the European state and establish a republic. Continuous waves of rebellions, such as the Baptist War led by Sam Sharpe in Jamaica, set the stage for the gradual abolition of slavery in the region, with Great Britain abolishing it in 1838. Cuba (under the Spanish crown) was the last island to free its slaves.

During the 20th century, Afro-Caribbeans began to assert their cultural, economic, and political rights on the world stage. Jamaican Marcus Garvey formed the UNIA movement in the United States, continuing the Aimé Césaire Negritude movement, which sought to create a pan-Africanist movement along national lines. Beginning in the 1960s, the former slave population of the Caribbean began to gain independence from British colonial rule. They were pioneers in the creation of new cultural forms such as calypso, reggae music and Rastafarianism in the Caribbean.

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